The ultimate aim of HBV cure regimens should be the eradication of the virus, and all its replicative intermediates. However, since even natural clearance of acute HBV does not always result in eradication of the reservoir cccDNA, complete eradication may be an unrealistic outcome. Functional cure, defined as “sustained durable HBsAg loss with undetectable serum DNA allowing treatment cessation” may be a more realistic goal. A combination of strategies which target both the viral replication cycle and enhance the immune response to viral antigens will most likely be required.
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